This study demonstrates that in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, Shi‘i scholars elaborated and developed a specific Shi‘i theory of ijtihad. This chapter traces the genesis and development of both ijtihad (reasoning) and usul al-fiqh (legal theory) in Shi‘i intellectual history. It argues that the concern for knowledge and certitude, …
Read More »Reflections on the Religious Culture of Precaution
The idea of precaution that is found within the religion is based on a number of traditions such as “precaution is the path to salvation” and “take precaution in your religion”. However, this type of thinking has dominated over many religious people and has...
Read More »What is the Meaning of Cursing (Laʻn)in the Qurʿān?
Many people say that cursing (laʿn) has been mentioned in tens of verses in the Qurʿān and they argue that this is evidence for the religious legality of cursing as well as a striking rebuttal to those who claim that it is forbidden or...
Read More »Māʼidah al-Khamr – A Jurisprudential Discussion by Haider Hobbollah
This is a very popular discussion, and the famous opinion is that it is ḥarām to eat or drink on a mā’idah or a sufrah – which is essentially anything upon which you place food for consumption – while there is alcohol being consumed on...
Read More »The Bases for the Formation and Growth of Shīʼism from the Past to the Present in Indonesia
This article seeks to examine the contexts of Shiite growth from the past to the present. The author has studied and researched mainly this issue in the field and by analysing his findings in this country, he has proved the major effects of the....
Read More »Fatima al-Zahra, The World’s Most Outstanding Lady
Intermediary for earthly and heavenly creation wise one, daughter of the Prophet (spirit of beauty between the two), and the worthy wife of the saint of Allah, Hazrat Ali (a.s). Fatimah (s.a,) unparalleled heroin and unequalled herald throughout the history of Islam and...
Read More »Prophet’s Marriage to ‘Āyisha, A Hadith that Become a Reason for Islamophobia
The subject of my thesis was the famous and controversial hadith about the Islamic prophet Muḥammad’s marriage to his wife ʿĀʾišah bt. ʾabī Bakr at a young age: according to the dominant version of the hadith, she was six or seven at the time of her marital engagement, and nine at the time of her....
Read More »Ph.D. Thesis: The Lived Experience of Muslim Women Subjected to Islamophobia
This study explores the subjective experience of five Muslim women who wear or wore hijab in the past, and faced Islamophobia, using psychoanalytic case study methodology....
Read More »Twelver Shī‘īsm and Answering Shī‘ī Reformists
As societies have meandered through different epochs, expansions and ideas, it has only been natural for existing notions and ideas to be challenged, and this is a necessary and natural part of...
Read More »Contradictions of Civil Law with Islamic Law and its Implication on a Muslim’s Responsibility
This paper aims to understand the implications of civil law on a Muslim’s responsibility resulting from contradictions between civil law and Islamic law. The research uses the...
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